Grade 1 marks a significant transition for children as they move from early childhood programs to a more structured learning environment. In Chicago Public Schools (CPS), first graders focus on foundational academic skills while continuing to develop social, emotional, and physical competencies.
“First grade is a pivotal year,” says Dr. Jessica Rivera, a Chicago-based education consultant. “Students build essential literacy and numeracy skills, develop curiosity about the world, and begin learning how to work independently and collaboratively.”
CPS emphasizes a balanced curriculum that integrates academic learning with social-emotional development, ensuring students are prepared for future grades while fostering a love for learning.
Grade 1 Curriculum Highlights in CPS: Overview
| Subject Area | Key Skills & Topics | Learning Approach |
|---|---|---|
| English Language Arts (ELA) | Reading fluency, comprehension, phonics, vocabulary, writing complete sentences | Balanced literacy, guided reading, writing workshops |
| Mathematics | Addition & subtraction, number sense, place value, measurement, time, basic geometry | Hands-on manipulatives, problem-solving activities, real-world applications |
| Science | Weather, plants & animals, materials, senses, simple experiments | Inquiry-based learning, observation, hands-on experiments |
| Social Studies | Community roles, rules & responsibilities, cultural awareness, local geography | Project-based learning, class discussions, interactive activities |
| Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) | Cooperation, empathy, conflict resolution, self-regulation | Circle time, role-playing, group activities |
| Art & Music | Drawing, painting, rhythm, singing, basic instruments | Creative exploration, performance, integrated projects |
| Physical Education (PE) | Gross motor skills, coordination, teamwork, fitness | Active play, structured exercises, group games |
The Purpose of Grade 1 Education
Grade 1 education is designed to establish core academic skills that serve as a foundation for lifelong learning. In CPS, the curriculum aligns with Illinois Learning Standards, ensuring consistency across schools while allowing teachers flexibility to meet individual student needs.
Dr. Emily Sanders, Professor of Urban Education at DePaul University, explains, “Grade 1 focuses on literacy, numeracy, and inquiry-based learning. Students also learn collaboration, self-regulation, and problem-solving, skills that are essential beyond the classroom.”
This grade also helps children transition socially and emotionally from the play-focused environments of early childhood education to structured learning routines. Teachers provide guidance to support independence, responsibility, and positive interactions with peers.
Academic Skills in Grade 1
English Language Arts (ELA)
In Grade 1, students focus on developing reading and writing proficiency. Core components include:
- Reading Fluency & Comprehension: Understanding main ideas, details, and story structure
- Phonics & Word Recognition: Decoding words, identifying letter-sound relationships
- Vocabulary Development: Learning new words in context
- Writing Skills: Writing complete sentences, organizing thoughts, and basic narrative writing
CPS classrooms use balanced literacy approaches, combining read-alouds, guided reading, independent reading, and writing workshops. Teachers encourage students to connect reading and writing to personal experiences.
Dr. Rivera notes, “First graders who master basic phonics and sentence writing in this year set the stage for successful reading and writing in later grades.”
Mathematics
Mathematics instruction emphasizes number sense and foundational problem-solving skills:
- Addition & Subtraction: Using manipulatives and visual strategies to solve problems
- Place Value: Understanding tens and ones
- Measurement & Time: Learning to measure length, weight, and tell time
- Geometry: Identifying shapes and understanding spatial relationships
Hands-on learning is critical. Students engage in real-world math activities, such as counting objects, comparing quantities, and exploring patterns.
Michael Thompson, senior researcher at the University of Chicago Urban Education Lab, explains, “Concrete experiences help first graders understand abstract mathematical concepts, which is crucial for long-term success in math.”
Science and Social Studies
Science
Science instruction in Grade 1 encourages curiosity about the natural world. Topics include:
- Weather patterns and seasons
- Plant and animal life cycles
- Properties of materials
- Senses and human body awareness
- Simple experiments and observations
Inquiry-based learning allows students to ask questions, make predictions, and explore concepts through hands-on experiments.
Social Studies
Social studies education introduces students to the community and their role within it:
- Understanding community helpers and rules
- Learning about cultural diversity and traditions
- Introduction to maps, neighborhoods, and local geography
- Developing awareness of civic responsibility
Project-based learning and class discussions help children connect concepts to their daily lives, fostering social awareness.
Dr. Sanders emphasizes, “First graders are learning to see themselves as part of a community and to develop empathy and respect for others.”
Social-Emotional Learning (SEL)
CPS prioritizes social-emotional development alongside academics. In Grade 1, students learn:
- Cooperation and teamwork
- Empathy and understanding others’ perspectives
- Conflict resolution and problem-solving
- Self-regulation and expressing emotions appropriately
SEL activities include circle time, role-playing, and collaborative projects. Teachers integrate SEL with academic content to reinforce positive behavior and emotional growth.
Arts, Music, and Physical Education
Arts and Music
Creative expression is central to Grade 1. Students engage in:
- Drawing, painting, and sculpture
- Singing, rhythm exercises, and basic instrumental skills
- Integrating art and music with other subjects
These activities support cognitive development, creativity, and fine motor skills.
Physical Education (PE)
PE lessons focus on gross motor skills, coordination, and fitness:
- Running, jumping, and balancing activities
- Team sports and cooperative games
- Structured exercises to promote health and wellness
Physical activity helps children develop strength, coordination, and social skills through teamwork.
Dr. Jessica Rivera states, “Grade 1 is foundational academically and socially. Children who are supported in reading, math, and SEL develop confidence and skills that last a lifetime.”
Implications for Students and Families
Grade 1 lays the groundwork for long-term academic achievement and social development:
- For Students: Develops literacy, numeracy, critical thinking, and emotional regulation
- For Families: Provides insight into academic expectations and supports at home
- For Schools: Establishes student readiness for higher grades and fosters a positive school culture
Understanding the curriculum allows parents to reinforce learning at home and partner effectively with teachers.
Principal Linda Chen of Rogers Elementary notes, “Teachers focus on creating a balanced learning environment where students can explore academics, creativity, and social skills in a supportive setting.”
Final Thoughts
Grade 1 in Chicago Public Schools introduces students to structured learning while nurturing social, emotional, and physical development. Through a balanced curriculum of ELA, math, science, social studies, arts, and physical education, first graders acquire essential skills that prepare them for future academic success.
Parents who understand Grade 1 expectations can support their children at home, fostering confidence, curiosity, and a love for learning. CPS continues to adapt teaching strategies to meet diverse student needs, ensuring that every child has the foundation for long-term success.
Michael Thompson adds, “Hands-on learning, project-based activities, and integration of SEL into the curriculum make Grade 1 an essential year for cognitive and emotional development.”
FAQs
What subjects do Grade 1 students study in CPS?
ELA, math, science, social studies, SEL, art, music, and PE.
How does CPS teach reading in Grade 1?
Through balanced literacy, including guided reading, phonics, and writing workshops.
What math skills are taught in Grade 1?
Addition, subtraction, number sense, place value, measurement, time, and basic geometry.
Do Grade 1 students learn social-emotional skills?
Yes, they focus on cooperation, empathy, conflict resolution, and self-regulation.
How can parents support learning at home?
Read with children, practice math in daily life, encourage curiosity, and reinforce SEL skills.
